VNS after Stroke: Remarkable Shrinking of the Penumbra

This post is about VNS after stroke and how VNS helps with recovery. VNS is short for vagal nerve stimulation, a form of bioelectric neuromodulation, a nuanced treatment for brain disorders. It’s been around for decades, but recent discoveries mean it no longer requires invasive surgery. We’ve been using the noninvasive form of VNS at…